Disaster Management Complete Notes
Exam Preparation ke liye Easy Hinglish Guide
1. Disaster (आदा) Kya Hota Hai?
Ek aisi achanak hone wali gathna jo society ya environment ko badi paimane par nuksan pahunchaye, jisse normal life ruk jaye aur insano ya property ka bhari nuksan ho, use Disaster kehte hain.
Key Point: Disaster tab banta hai jab koi hazard kisi vulnerable population par attack karta hai aur unke paas cope karne ki capacity nahi hoti.
2. Types of Disasters (Disaster ke Prakar)
Disasters ko mainly do categories me divide kiya gaya hai:
| Category | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Natural Disasters | Jo prakriti (nature) dwara aate hain, jisme human control nahi hota. | Earthquake, Flood, Cyclone, Drought, Landslide |
| Man-Made Disasters | Jo insani galti, negligence ya technology ki wajah se hote hain. | Industrial Accidents, Nuclear Leaks, Terrorist Attacks, Wars |
3. Disaster Management Cycle (Pura Process)
Disaster se nipatne ke liye ek poora cycle follow kiya jata hai jisme 3 main phases hote hain:
- Pre-Disaster Phase (Before Disaster):
- Mitigation: Nuksan ko kam karne ke liye long-term measures lena.
- Preparedness: Pehle se taiyari rakhna (jaise drill karna, awareness felana).
- During Disaster Phase (Response):
- Rescue & Relief: Fauran logo ko bachana, khana, pani aur medical aid provide karna.
- Post-Disaster Phase (After Disaster):
- Recovery & Rehabilitation: Tooti hui buildings ko banana, logo ki life ko wapas track par lana.
4. Importance of Disaster Management
Disaster management kyu zaroori hai? Isse:
- Lives (jano) aur property (maal) ka nuksan kam hota hai.
- Community ko emergency ke liye alert rakha jata hai.
- Economy ko jaldi se recover karne me madad milti hai.